What is an encryption key?
An encryption key is a string of data, typically in the form of a sequence of bits or characters, used to encrypt or decrypt data during a cryptographic process. Encryption keys play a crucial role in ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data when transmitted over an unsecured network or stored in an unsecured form. MitID uses encryption keys, which allows you to identify yourself securely. You can sign documents via ePact with MitID.
There are two main types of encryption keys: symmetric and asymmetric.
- Symmetric encryption keys: With symmetric encryption, the same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data. Both parties, the sender and recipient, share the same key, which means the key must be kept strictly confidential to prevent unauthorized access to data. Symmetric encryption is typically faster and more efficient but requires a secure method to share the key between the involved parties.
- Asymmetric encryption keys: With asymmetric encryption, two separate keys are used for encryption and decryption: a public key and a private key. Data encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted by the corresponding private key, and vice versa. The public key is shared freely and is typically used for encrypting data, while the private key is kept strictly confidential and is only known to the authorized recipient of the data. Asymmetric encryption offers a more secure way to transfer encrypted data, as the private key does not need to be shared between parties.
Encryption keys are used not only to secure data during transmission but also to protect data at rest, for example, when stored on a server or device. The use of strong and complex encryption keys is crucial for maintaining the security and confidentiality of data in a digital world where threats to data security are constant.
